T Glossary of Terms for
Physical Therapy & Sports Medicine

T

Talus:

The ankle bone that articulates with the tibia and fibula to form the ankle joint.

Target Heart Rate:

A pre-determined pulse to be obtained during exercise when circulation is working at full efficient capacities.

Tarsals:

Group of six bones of the foot consisting of the navicular, talus, cuboid and three cuneiform bones.

Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ):

The articulation of the jaw and skull; considered by some to be vital in resolution of injuries throughout the body.

Tendinitis:

Inflammation of the tendon and/or tendon sheath, caused by chronic overuse or sudden injury.

Tendon:

Tissue that connects muscle to bone.

Tennis Elbow:

General term for lateral elbow pain.

Thermotherapy:

Use of heat to treat a disease or disorder.

Thoracic:

Group of twelve vertebrae located in the thorax and articulates with the twelve ribs.

Thoracic Outlet Compression Syndrome:

A neuro-vascular disorder of the upper extremity common in throwing.

Tibia:

Larger of the two bones of the lower leg and is the weight-bearing bone of the shin.

Tomograph:

A special type of x-ray apparatus that demonstrates an organ or tissue at a particular depth.

Trachea:

The windpipe.

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulator (TENS):

An electrical modality that sends a mild current though pads at the injury site which stimulates the brain to release the natural analgesic, endorphin.

Transverse Process:

Small lateral projection off the right and left side of each vertebrae that functions as an attachment site for muscles and ligaments of the spine.

Trapezius:

Flat, tiangular muscle covering the posterior surface of the neck and shoulder.

Trauma:

A wound or injury to living tissue.

Triangular Cartilage:

A connective tissue characterized by its nonvascularity and firm consistency; located on the little finger side of the wrist.

Triceps:

Muscle of the back of the upper arm, primarily responsible for extending the elbow.

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